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AAR-47B (V) 2 - the newest model of the missile attack warning from the company with the capabilities of ATK indication of enemy fire. Designed to protect aircraft and helicopters from missiles with IR-guided threats with laser target designation, small arms and rocket-propelled grenades
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French and German companies Cassidian, Thales, Sagem and Diehl BGT Defence cooperate in the demonstration program Flash-based experimental system Dircm feedback. Germany and France have requested OCCAR program management, but until a decision on that application is not accepted
Among the weapons became orphaned during the conflict in Libya, and were the latest and highly efficient portable missiles, namely SA-18 Igla and CA-24 Igla-S. They became the main goal of recovery operations conducted by U.S. and NATO forces in the final stages of the conflict as an unknown number of these missiles were kidnapped in Libya, and went into the illicit market, which supplies the terrorist organizations and militias. Libyan crisis was the last of a series of conflicts (since the Balkan wars) in which transport aircraft was forced to work in enclaves surrounded by hostile forces and in the immediate area of ​​the radar and infrared-guided weapons. In such circumstances, the threat level remained very high, not only for the military but also for civilian aircraft.

Since the last years of the Soviet era to the present day rocket man-portable air defense systems (MANPADS) have gone in four generations:
• Russian SA-7A Strela-2 and SA-7b Strela-2M, the Chinese HN-5A, Pakistani Anza Mk1 and the American FIM-43 Redeye (Block II has cooled gas homing (GOS), which puts it between the 1st and 2nd generations) belong to the first generation of missiles equipped with uncooled GOS (seeker), which are characterized by a rotating rectangular field of view with a single detector, which leads to lower accuracy when approaching the target or when shooting in pursuit, not to mention their vulnerability to infrared (IR) traps (false targets).
• FIM-92A Stinger Basic, Strela-2M / A, SA-14 Strela-3, Chinese HN-5B, QW-1, FN-6, Pakistani Anza Mk II and the Iranian Misagh-1 are the weapon of the second generation with a cooled detector and searching purposes conical scan that excludes the above-mentioned reduction of accuracy. They differ vserakursnym perhaps some resistance to IR-traps and have a relatively high probability of hitting a single shot.
• Third-generation missiles, which includes American FIM-92B/C/E Stinger Post / RMP / Block I, the Russian SA-16 Igla-1, SA-18 Igla and CA-24 Igla-S, Polish Thunder-half Chinese QW-11/18/2, FN-16, the Pakistani Anza Mk III and Iranian Misagh-2 along with the (then) Matra Mistral systems 1 and 2, characterized by a cooled detector with two infrared channels or infrared and ultraviolet (IR / UV) channels with socket, scanning in a very narrow field of view (kvazivizualizatsiya) that provides vserakursny capture, high resistance to IR-traps, better resolution under bad conditions of recognition and a high probability of destruction of the first start up.
• The fourth generation includes Japanese rocket Kin-SAM Type 91 and Chinese QW-4, which are equipped with infrared homing entire image has a very high resistance to IR-traps and false targets. Missiles, targeting induced by teams or beam, for example Blowpipe, Javelin and Starburst, belong to a different league.

To protect low-speed tactical and strategic transport aircraft, generating strong thermal signature and having a large effective area of ​​reflection, a typical complex jamming of the early 90-ies could include receiver warning radar illumination RWR (radar warning receiver), a passive UV warning system for missile attack MWS (missile warning system) and chaff dispenser and IR-traps CMDS (countermeasures (chaff / flare) dispensing system), although some platforms, modified for a variety of problems of special forces, search and rescue, operational management, psychological problems and collection information kits were equipped with more reliable electronic warfare (EW). However, the emergence of a new generation of weapons revealed a need for improved protection complexes, ranging from advanced MWS, new decoys, dropping their techniques and finishing stationary, and later directed the system to counter IR guidance systems, now known under the designation Dircm (Directional Infra- Red Countermeasures).
( To continue.......)